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Let's call on Professor Green this afternoon.  我们下午去拜访格林教授吧。

  1. Call on表示“拜访”，类似的表达还有：call upon，visit，drop by，drop in (on)，不过drop引导的词组更强调“顺道拜访”之意，而call on的柯林斯英文释义中对此的描述是“you pay them a short visit”，即：短暂拜访。
  2. Call on另外一个常见的意思是：要求，号召。 If you call on someone to do something or call upon them to do it, you say publicly that you want them to do it. 这样的行为一般发生在公共场合，或是公开（publicly）呼吁。

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Such a speech may give rise to serious trouble.
这样的言辞可能引发严重的麻烦。

1. Give rise to表示“引起，使发生”，近义词有：cause, lead to, result in等。

2. Rise的基本意思是“升高，增长”，可以描述经济增长、风力强劲、提高嗓门等，要注意区分rise和raise的用法，前者在上述情境下基本用作不及物动词，而后者意思相近，但用作及物动词，如：
His voice rose almost to a scream.
他提高了嗓门，几乎在尖叫。
Anne raised her voice in order to be heard.
为了让人能听得见，安妮提高了嗓门。

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He gave me a chocolate bar in return.
他给了我块巧克力作为回报。

1. In return表示“作为报答”，近义词为reciprocally（相互地，互惠的）。
If you do something in return for what someone else has done for you, you do it because they did that thing for you.

2. 大部分人都知道return的动词意思：返回，归还……return也可以做名词，表示“利润，回报，收益”；其复数形式returns意为“（选举）结果”，例如：
Early returns show Bulgaria's opposition party may have won.
早期的选举结果表明保加利亚的反对党可能已获胜。

3. “Many happy returns!”是传统的生日祝词，表示“生日快乐，长命百岁！”

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May I come to see you next week?
下周我可以来看你吗？

注释：
come to do something表示“来做某事”，英式英语中也可以用come and do something，也就是“May I come and see you next week?”美式英语中还可以用come do something，即“May I come see you next week?”

表示过去的动作时，则一定要用came and did something，如：他上周来看过我，“He came and saw me last week.”。

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My excitement gave way to fear when I learnt to swim for the first time.
当我第一次学游泳时，兴奋被恐惧所取代。

注释：
1. give way to在本句中表示“被……替代”。在翻译时，我们不一定要将词组完全译成“替代”，能表达出这个意思即可。比如：“His numbness gave way to anger.”，他的麻木转为了愤怒。
If one thing gives way to another, the first thing is replaced by the second.

2. 我们一般比较熟悉give way to作为“向……让步，向……妥协”的用法，属于书面用语。比如give way to pressure，迫于压力而妥协，give way to an impulse，没能抑制住冲动。
give way to还可指“让路，让其他人（或车辆）先行”，常用于英式英语。美式英语中则常用yield，如yield to other cars，给其他车辆让路。
If you give way to someone or something that you have been resisting, you stop resisting and allow yourself to be persuaded or controlled by them.

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No matter what happens, I will be here for you.
无论发生什么，我都会在你身边。

注释：
1. no matter what表示“不管怎样，无论如何”，我们也可以用whatever来表达。这两个词组均表示强调，无论有什么困难你都一定会去做某事。
类似的用法还有no matter how/when，分别表示“不管怎样”、“无论何时”。
If you say that you are going to do something no matter what, you are emphasizing that you are definitely going to do it, even if there are obstacles or difficulties.

2. be here for someone的用法类似于be there for someone，表示在某人有困难的时候帮助、支持某人，属于非正式用语。
If someone is there for you, they help and support you, especially when you have problems.

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However hard you try, you can't finish the project in one week or so.
无论你多么努力，你也没法在一周左右完成项目。

注释：
1. however在本句中表示“不管怎样，无论如何”，后接形容词或副词，表示强调。我们也可以说，“No matter how hard you try, you can't finish the project in one week or so.”
You use however before an adjective or adverb to emphasize that the degree or extent of something cannot change a situation.

2. or so表示“左右，上下”，类似的表达还有很多，比如approximately，about，roughly，around等等。其中，approximately多用于书面语，精确度比较高，后可接时间、数字或地点；about最为常用，后接数字，表示该数字并不准确，如about 2.7 percent，约2.7%；roughly的估算则比较粗略；around多用于非正式场合，常见于美式英语。
You use or so when you are giving an approximate amount.

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有关“加班”的10个英语词汇
1. 加班 - overtime
例：He’s been doing a lot of overtime recently, and he’s sick.

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2.通宵-all night

例：I worked all night to get the job done.

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3. 下班-get off work
例：I don't worry about getting off work, because I live in the office.